tulostettava versio
MonAKO Glossary J-L
Alkuun
A-B
C
D
E-F
G-H
I
J-L
M
N-P
Q-R
S
T
U-W
justification procedure
Definition: research procedure starting with a given
notion of equivalence, and using it to explain a
translators decisions and hence certain features of the
target text
Source: Toury 1995
FI: oikeutusmenettely
SV: bevisfringsprocedur
DE: Rechtfertigungsverfahren
FR: procdure de justification
kernel structure
Definition: simple kind of deep structure
in which complex source-text structures are broken down into
simpler elements and disambiguated in order to make them more
transparent and easier to translate
Source: Nida 1964
FI: ydinrakenne
SV: krnstruktur
DE: Kernstruktur
FR: structure noeud
lacuna, lexical gap
Definition: lack of a term in the target language that
would correspond closely to one existing in the source
language
FI: aukko
SV: lucka
DE: Lcke
FR: absence, vide, lacune, trou lexical
lag, dcalage
Definition: the time gap (ear-voice span) between a
speaker and a simultaneous interpreter
FI: viive
SV: decalage
DE: (der) Time Lag
FR: dcalage
layout change
Definition: pragmatic translation strategy involving
a change in the layout of the text
FI: layoutin muutos, taittoasun muutos
SV: layoutbyte, frndrad layout
DE: Layoutswechsel
FR: changement de mise en page
level shift
Definition: translation technique involving a change in
which the expression of a particular aspect of meaning moves from
one level to another (the levels are phonology, morphology,
syntax and lexis)
Source: Catford 1965
FI: tason vaihdos
SV: nivbyte
DE: nderung der Ebenen
FR: changement de niveau
lexical density
Definition: proportion of lexical words in a given text;
measured as the ratio of lexical words to grammatical (functional)
words, or to the total number of words or sentences
FI: leksikaalinen tiheys
SV: lexikal tthet
DE: lexikalische Dichte
FR: densit lexicale
lexical gap > lacuna
lexical variety
Definition: measure of the richness of vocabulary in a
given text or corpus, usually expressed as the proportion of
word-types to word-tokens
FI: leksikaalinen vaihtelu
SV: lexical variation
DE: lexikalische Variett
FR: varit lexicale
literal translation
Definition: syntactic translation technique or strategy
leading to a close translation; a grammatical but not necessarily
idiomatic translation
FI: kirjaimellinen knns, sananmukainen
knns, sanasanainen knns
SV: ordagrann versttning, bokstavlig
versttning
DE: wrtliche bersetzung, wort-wrtliche
bersetzung
FR: traduction littrale, transcodage
loan, borrowing
Definition: translation technique whereby a
source-language word is transferred directly into the
target-language text. Example: sauna in an English
text
FI: laina
SV: ln
DE: Entlehnung
FR: emprunt
loan translation > calque
local strategy
Definition: translation strategy concerning a particular
unit of translation or a particular type of problem, such as a
way of translating a metaphor, or the use of transpositions or
modulations or shifts; for some scholars, a synonym for
technique (compare global strategy)
FI: lokaali(nen) strategia, paikallisstrategia
SV: lokal strategi
DE: lokale Strategie
FR: stratgie locale
localization, localisation
Definition: process of adapting texts, particularly
software and software manuals, to local cultural conditions
FI: lokalisointi
SV: lokalisering
DE: Lokalisierung
FR: localisation
loyalty
Definition: translators ethical attitude towards
source-text writer, sender, target-text receiver, and any other
agents involved
FI: lojaalius
SV: lojalitet
DE: Loyalitt
FR: loyaut (professionnelle)
