tulostettava versio
MonAKO Glossary I
Alkuun
A-B
C
D
E-F
G-H
I
J-L
M
N-P
Q-R
S
T
U-W
illocutionary change
Definition: pragmatic translation technique or strategy:
changes of speech act, e.g. involving a change of the mood of the
verb from indicative to imperative, changes in the use of
rhetorical questions and exclamations, changes between direct and
indirect speech
Source: Chesterman 1997
FI: illokutionaarinen muutos, illokutorinen vaihto
SV: illokutionbyte, frndrad illokution
DE: Illokutionswechsel
FR: changement illocutoire
imitation
Definition: very free kind of translation, in which the
priority is to imitate an authors style rather than
preserve the structure or meaning of the original
Source: Dryden 1690
FI: imitaatio, jljittely
SV: imitation
DE: Imitation
FR: traduction mimtique, imitation
implicitation
Definition: translation technique or strategy of
producing a target text that allows the reader to infer
information that was expressed more explicitly in the source text
FI: implisiittistminen
SV: implicitering
DE: Verknappung
FR: implicitation
indeterminacy
Definition: the unavoidable ambiguity and indefiniteness
of meaning which occurs in all communication; a philosophical
term
Source: Quine 1960
FI: epmrisyys
SV: indetermination
DE: Unbestimmtheit
FR: indtermination
indirect translation, mediated translation
Definition: translation done via an intermediary
translation in a third language, not directly from the
original
Source: Vinay and Darbelnet 1958
FI: epsuora knns, vlillinen
knns
SV: indirekt versttning
DE: indirekte bersetzung
FR: traduction indirecte
information change
Definition: pragmatic translation technique or strategy
involving either the addition of new (non-inferrable) information
which is thought to be relevant to the target readership but
which is not present in the source text, or the omission of
source-text information which is judged to be irrelevant (this
latter might involve summarizing, for instance)
Source: Chesterman 1997
FI: informaatiomuutos
SV: informationsbyte, frndrad information
DE: Informationswechsel
FR: changement informationnel
information load, communication load
Definition: amount of information per unit of text; the
higher the load, the more dense the text is and the harder the
text is to understand
Source: Nida 1964
FI: informaatiokuorma, informaatiotiheys
SV: kommunikationsmngd, informationstthet,
informationsmngd
DE: Informationsintensitt
FR: densit informationnelle
information offer
Definition: view of a text (or act of communication) as a
way of offering information to a receiver, who is responsible for
accepting and interpreting the offer; a translation is thus an
information offer about a previous information offer
Source: Vermeer1982
FI: informaatiotarjous
SV: informationsanbud
DE: Informationsangebot
FR: offre dinformation
informative text
Definition: text whose primary function is to transmit
information (compare expressive and operative
text)
Source: Reiss 1976
FI: informatiivinen teksti
SV: informativ text
DE: informativer Text
FR: texte informationnel, texte informatif
initial norm
Definition: either of a translators two basic
orientation options: either to follow the norms of the source
text and culture or those of the target culture.
Source: Toury 1995
FI: alkunormi
SV: initial norm
DE: Initialnorm
FR: norme initiale
initiator > client
instrumental translation
Definition: method of translation whereby the target text
is intended to function independently in the target culture,
without being recognized as a translation; a translation of this
type (compare documentary translation)
Source: Nord 1997
FI: instrumentaalinen knns
SV: instrumentell versttning
DE: instrumentale bersetzung
FR: traduction instrumentale
interference
Definition: tendency for translations to be influenced by
the form of the source text
FI: interferenssi
SV: interferens
DE: Interferenz
FR: interfrence
interlinear translation
Definition: kind of very literal translation in which the
target-text words appear line by line above or below the source
text, in the appropriate place, to be read together with the
original as an aid to understanding
FI: interlineaarinen knns
SV: interliner versttning
DE: Interlinearversion
FR: traduction coordonne linairement
interlingua > pivot language
interlingual translation
Definition: translation as normally understood, between
languages
FI: kieltenvlinen kntminen
SV: interlingval versttning
DE: interlinguale bersetzung
FR: traduction interlinguale
interpersonal change
Definition: pragmatic translation technique or strategy
involving a change which affects the formality level, the degree
of emotiveness and involvement
Source: Chesterman 1997
FI: interpersonaalinen vaihdos
SV: interpersonal frndring
DE: interpersonale Wechsel
FR: changement interpersonnel
interpreting
Definition: (usually) oral translation of spoken text
FI: tulkkaus
SV: tolkning
DE: Dolmetschen
FR: interprtation
intersemiotic translation, transmutation
Definition: form of translation between different
semiotic systems, such as between music and words or dance,
image, cinema
Source: Jakobson 1959
FI: intersemioottinen kntminen, intersemioottinen
knns
SV: intersemiotisk versttning
DE: intersemiotische bersetzung
FR: traduction intersmiotique
intertemporal translation
Definition: kind of translation where the original text
dates from a much earlier period (or deals with an earlier
period), so that the translator is also translating across a
significant time gap
Source: Vladova 1993
FI: intertemporaalinen knns
SV: intertemporal versttning
DE: bersetzung zwischen historischen Zeiten, intertemporale
bersetzung
FR: traduction intertemporelle
intralingual translation, rewording
Definition: form of translation or rephrasing that takes
place within the same language, as when one says the same thing
in other words
Source: Jakobson 1959
FI: kielensisinen knns,
uudelleenmuotoilu
SV: intralingval versttning, omformulering
DE: intralinguale bersetzung, Umformulierung
FR: reformulation, traduction intralinguale
intra-system shift
Definition: technique or strategy involving a change
within a particular grammatical system, such as source-text
singular changing to target-text plural within the system of
number
Source: Catford 1965
FI: systeeminsisinen vaihdos
SV: systeminternt byte
DE: System-interne nderung
FR: changement intrasystmique
invariance
Definition: approximate synonym for
sameness; something that does not change during the
translation process
FI: invarianssi
SV: invarians
DE: Invarianz
FR: invariance
inverse translation, other tongue translation
(OTT)
Definition: translation from the translators
native language
FI: knns / kntminen vieraaseen
kieleen
SV: versttning till ett frmmande sprk,
omvnd versttning
DE: Hinbersetzung, bersetzung in die Fremdsprache
FR: thme
