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13. New Directions in NLG 1 (Generation from Ontologies).

• Lecture notes
  • Talking OWLs: Towards an Ontology Verbalizer
    Graham Wilcock (2003)
  • Presenting Ontologies in Natural Language
    Chris Mellish (2004)
• Further reading
  • Presenting Ontologies in Natural Language (publications)
    Chris Mellish and Xiantang Sun (University of Aberdeen)
  • Generating Multilingual Descriptions from Linguistically Annotated OWL Ontologies: the NaturalOWL System
    Dimitrios Galanis and Ion Andoutsopoulos (2007)
• Practical work
  • Read How to install and use NaturalOWL.
    If you already know Protégé, you can set up the NaturalOWL plugin.

14. New Directions in NLG 2 (Statistical Generation).

• Lecture notes
  • Columbia Statistical Generation Day
    (Columbia University, 2001)
  • Trainable Methods for Surface Natural Language Generation.
    Adwait Ratnaparkhi (2000)
• Further reading
  • Background Reading for Columbia Statistical Generation Day
    (Columbia University, 2001)
  • Statistical Generation: Three Methods Compared and Evaluated
    Anja Belz (2005)
  • The Importance of Discourse Context for Statistical Natural Language Generation.
    Cassandre Cresswell and Elsi Kaiser
• Practical work
  • With the Python NLTK toolkit, you can generate new random texts based on statistical models of existing texts.
  • Start IDLE, and do the following:

    from nltk.book import text2
    for i in range(5):
         text2.generate()
         print